Andaya, L. Y. (2017).  The Northern Malays. In Wannasarn Nunsuk (Ed.), Peninsular Siam and Its Neighborhoods: Essays in Memory of Dr. Preecha Noonsuk (pp. 81–111). Nakhon Si Thammarat: Cultural Council of Nakhon Si Thammarat Province.

Anderson, J. (1890).  English intercourse with Siam in the seventeenth century. London: K. Paul, Trench, Trübner & co., ltd.

Anderson, J. (1965 [1824]).  Political and commercial considerations relative to the Malayan Peninsula. Kuala Lumpur: Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society.

Annandale, N., & Robinson, H. (Eds.). (1903).  Fasciculi Malayenses; anthropological and zoological results of an expedition to Perak and the Siamese Malay states 1901–1902 (Vol. 1). London: The University Press of Liverpool.

Anonymous. (1832).  Siamese Attack. The Asiatic Journal, 9(Sept–Dec), 174–175.

Anonymous. (1909).  The New British-Protected Malay States: Kelantan, Trengganu, and Keda. The Geographical Journal, 33(4), 478–485.

Badriyah Haji Salleh. (2004).  Siamese Malay States. In K. G. Ooi (Ed.), Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor (pp. 1197–1200). Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO.

Bassett, D. K. (1989).  British ‘Country’ Trade and Local Trade Networks in the Thai and Malay States, c. 1680–1770. Modern Asian Studies, 23(4), 625–643.

Blagden, C. O. (1906).  Siam and the Malay Peninsula. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland(Jan), 107–119.

Chandran, J. (1972).  Britain and the Siamese Malay States, 1892–1904: A Comment. The Historical Journal, 15(3), 471–492.

Chandran, J. (1977).  The Contest for Siam, 1889–1902: A Study in Diplomatic Rivalry. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

Chayachoke Chulasiriwongs. (1980).  Thai-British Relations Concerning the Southern Malay States 1880–1899. (Ph.D.). Ohio University.

Clifford, H. C. (1904).  Further India: Being the Story of Exploration from the Earliest Times in Burma, Malaya, Siam and Indo-China – Scholar’s Choice Edition. New York: Frederick A. Stokes Company.

Davies, R. D. (1902).  Siam in the Malay Peninsula: A Short Account of the Position of Siam in the States of Kelantan, Patani, Legeh and Siam. Singapore: Fraser and Neave.

Graham, W. A. (1908).  Kelantan: A state of the Malay Peninsula: A handbook of information. Glasgow: J. Maclehose and sons.

Gullick, J. M. (1983).  Kedah 1821–1855: Years of Exile and Return. Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 56(2), 31–86.

Hamilton, A. W. (1922).  The Old Kedah–Patani Trade Route. Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 86, 389–292.

Kobkua Suwannathat-Pian. (1984).  The 1902 Siamese–Kelantan Treaty: An End to the Traditional Relations. Journal of the Siam Society, 72, 95–139.

Kobkua Suwannathat-Pian. (1988).  Thai–Malay Relations: Traditional Intra-regional Relations from the Seventeenth to the Early Twentieth Centuries. Singapore: Oxford University Press.

Kobkua Suwannathat-Pian. (2020).  Tunku Badlishah Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah, A Postscript to the Bangkok–Kedah Personalised Relations. Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 93(2), 119–135. 🔗

Kuroda, K. (2019).  The Siamese in Kedah under Nation-state Making. In I. Tokoru & H. Tomizawa (Eds.), Islam and Cultural Diversity in Southeast Asia (Vol. 2, pp. 263–284). Tokyo: ILCAA Tokyo University of Foreign Studies.

Kynnersley, C. W. S. (1901).  Notes of a Tour through the Siamese States on the West Coast of the Malay Peninsula, 1900. Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society(36), 49–66. 🔗

Malhi, A. (2015a).  Law and Politics in the ‘Benighted Lands’: Frontiers of Colonialism on the Malay Peninsula. Paper presented at “Wild Spaces and Islamic Cosmopolitanism in Asia”, Asia Research Institute, National University of Singapore.

Malhi, A. (2015b).  Like a Child with Two Parents: Race, Religion and Royalty on the Siam–Malaya Frontier, 1895–1902. The Muslim World, 105(4), 472–495. 🔗

Malhi, A. (2018).  Bordering Malaya’s ‘Benighted Lands’: Frontiers of Race and Colonialism on the Malay Peninsula, 1887–1902. In J. Gedacht & R. M. Feener (Eds.), Challenging Cosmopolitanism: Coercion, Mobility and Displacement in Islamic Asia (pp. 203–224). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

Phan-Ngam Gothamasan. (1984).  Some aspects of the political and economic systems of the nineteenth century northern Malay states: Kedah, Kelantan and Trengganu. Journal of the Siam Society, 72(1 & 2), 140–165.

Rentse, A. (1947).  A historical note on the northeastern Malay States. Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 20(1 (141), 23–40.

Sharom Ahmat. (1957).  Kedah–Siam relations, 1821–1905. Journal Malayan Branch Royal Asiatic Society, 30(3), 9–10.

Skeat, W. W. (1900).  Report on Cambridge Exploring to the Malay Provinces of Lower Siam. The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 30, 73–77.

Skeat, W. W. (1955).  Fables and folk tales, from an eastern forest. Singapore: D. Moore.

Skeat, W. W., & Blagden, C. O. (1906).  Pagan races of the Malay Peninsula (Vol. 1). London: Macmillan.

Skinner, A. M. (1898).  Map of the Central and Northern States of the Malay Peninsula, Siam. Geographical Journal, 11, 580.

Tarling, N. (1957).  British Policy in the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago 1824–1871. Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 30(3 (179)), 3–228. 🔗

Thamsook Numnonda. (1965).  The Anglo–Siamese secret convention of 1897. Journal of the Siam Society, 53, 45–46.

Thio, E. (1956).  British policy in the Malay Peninsula, 1880–1910. (Ph.D.). University of London.

Wannamethee, P. S. (1990).  Anglo–Siamese economic relations: British trade, capital and enterprise in Siam, 1856–1914. (Ph.D.). London School of Economics and Political Science (United Kingdom).

Whitney, C. (1905).  Jungle trails and jungle people; travel, adventure and observation in the Far East. New York: C. Scribner’s Sons.

Zi Hao, T. (2020).  Raja Bersiong or the Fanged King: The abject of Kedah’s geopolitical insecurity. Indonesia and the Malay World, 48(142), 263–280. 🔗